This graduate-level course explores the cyber operations of major cyber powers, including nation states such as China, North Korea, and Russia, as well as non-state actors such as cyber criminals and cyber terrorists. In particular, several case studies will be developed, including the 2010 Stuxnet cyber operation against Iran, the 2016 foreign interference in the U.S. Presidential election, and the ongoing efforts of chinese companies to acquire U.S. trade secrets.